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CIVIL GOVERNMENT FOR COMMON SCHOOLS.

PREPARED AS A MANUAL FOR PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

To which are appended the Constitution of the State of New York asamended at the election of 1880, the Constitution of the UnitedStates, and the Declaration of Independence.

BY HENRY C. NORTHAM,

CONDUCTOR OF TEACHERS' INSTITUTES.

PREFACE TO THIRD EDITION.

Instruction in Civil Government should be both theoretical andpractical. Unfortunately the text-books in general use stop withthe theory.

They deal with the science of government, but, being intended foruse throughout the United States, they give no information as tothe ART of government as practiced in this State.

Our students learn what is the guaranty of Republican government,but not how that government is exercised in their own town.

They are drilled in Incorporeal Hereditaments, but do not learnwhat kind of causes can be tried before a Justice of the Peace.

To supply this deficiency, is the aim of the present manual.Beginning with the school district, the names, manner of election,duties, and salaries are given of all important officers from theschool trustee to the President of the United States.

The rapid sale of the First and Second Editions of this bookencourages the hope that, with the additions now made, this manualmay be considered indispensable in every PROGRESSIVE school in theState of New York.

HENRY C. NORTHAM. LOWVILLE, April 22, 1878.

I.—INTRODUCTION.

Officers are elected to administer the government for

I. The United State
II. Each State
III. Counties.
IV. Cities
V. Towns
VI. Districts

The following are names given to some of the different kinds ofdistricts in the State of N. York

I. Road, School and Election Districts.
II. School Commissioner Districts.
III. Assembly districts
IV. Senatorial districts
V. Congressional districts
VI. Judicial districts

QUESTION. Which are the smallest districts named?

A. Road, School and Election districts.

Q. What is a road district?

A. A portion of a town placed under the charge of an officer,whose duty it is to see that the roads are kept in good condition.

Q. What is a school district?

A. A portion of a town or city, placed under the care of officers,whose duties are to maintain a public school in and for thedistrict

Q. What is an Election district?

A. A whole or part of a town, in which all the voting is done atone poll.

Q. What is a School commissioner district?

A. A whole or a portion of a county, under the jurisdiction of aschool commissioner.

Q. What is an Assembly district?

A. A whole or a portion of a county set off for the purpose ofelecting a "Member of the Assembly," except Fulton and Hamilton,which together form one district, and elect one member.

Q. What is a Senatorial district?

A. A portion of a county, a whole county, or several countiescombined for the purpose of electing

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