THE MEANING OF
EVOLUTION
BY
SAMUEL CHRISTIAN SCHMUCKER, Ph.D.
PROFESSOR OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES IN THE
WEST CHESTER STATE NORMAL SCHOOL
WEST CHESTER, PA.
The Chautauqua Press
CHAUTAUQUA, NEW YORK
MCMXIII
Copyright, 1913
By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
Set up and electrotyped. Published June, 1913
CONTENTS
| CHAPTER | PAGE | |
|---|---|---|
| A Foreword | 1 | |
| I. | Evolution Before Darwin | 7 |
| II. | Darwin and Wallace | 21 |
| III. | The Underlying Idea | 44 |
| IV. | Adaptation for the Individual | 87 |
| V. | Adaptation for the Species | 125 |
| VI. | Life in the Past | 149 |
| VII. | How the Mammals Developed | 192 |
| VIII. | The Story of the Horse | 220 |
| IX. | Evolution Since Darwin | 233 |
| X. | The Future Evolution of Man | 249 |
| XI. | Science and the Book | 274 |
| Index | 293 | |
| Appendix | 299 | |
A FOREWORD
Before my window lies an enchanting landscape. It embraces a stretchof open rolling country, beautiful as the eye could wish to rest upon.The sun with its slanting rays is not giving it heat enough in thesewinter months to make it blossom in its radiant beauty, but the mindgoes easily back through the few brown months to the time when thefield not far away was waving with its rich yellow grain so soon to befood for those who planted it. Beyond this field lies an orchardwhere, in regular and orderly rows, stand the apple trees whose brightblossoms in the spring make the landscape so beautiful and whose fruitin the fall serves so richly for our enjoyment. A little farther on, apasture is